[不等式] 一个复数模不等式(from 秋风)挺好看的
设 $z_1$, $z_2\in\mbb C$ 且 $\abs{z_1}$, $\abs{z_2}<1$,求证
\[\frac{\abs{z_1}-\abs{z_2}}{1-\abs{z_1}\cdot\abs{z_2}}\leqslant \left| \frac{z_1+z_2}{1+\overline{z_1}z_2} \right|\leqslant \frac{\abs{z_1}+\abs{z_2}}{1+\abs{z_1}\cdot\abs{z_2}}.\]
解:
只证右边,左边类似。
注意到 $\abs{z}^2=z\cdot\overline z$,于是
\begin{align*}
\left| \frac{z_1+z_2}{1+\overline{z_1}z_2} \right|\leqslant \frac{\abs{z_1}+\abs{z_2}}{1+\abs{z_1}\cdot\abs{z_2}}
&\iff \frac{z_1+z_2}{1+\overline{z_1}z_2}\cdot\frac{\overline{z_1}+\overline{z_2}}{1+z_1\overline{z_2}}\leqslant \frac{(\abs{z_1}+\abs{z_2})^2}{(1+\abs{z_1}\cdot\abs{z_2})^2}\\
&\iff \frac{(z_1+z_2)(\overline{z_1}+\overline{z_2})}{(1+\overline{z_1}z_2)(1+z_1\overline{z_2})}-1\leqslant \frac{(\abs{z_1}+\abs{z_2})^2}{(1+\abs{z_1}\cdot\abs{z_2})^2}-1\\
&\iff \frac{z_1\overline{z_1}+z_2\overline{z_2}-1-z_1\overline{z_1}z_2\overline{z_2}}{(1+\overline{z_1}z_2)(1+z_1\overline{z_2})}\leqslant \frac{\abs{z_1}^2+\abs{z_2}^2-1-\abs{z_1}^2\abs{z_2}^2}{(1+\abs{z_1}\cdot\abs{z_2})^2},
\end{align*}
因为
\[z_1\overline{z_1}+z_2\overline{z_2}-1-z_1\overline{z_1}z_2\overline{z_2}=\abs{z_1}^2+\abs{z_2}^2-1-\abs{z_1}^2\abs{z_2}^2 =-(1-\abs{z_1}^2)(1-\abs{z_1}^2)<0,\]
所以只要证
\[(1+\overline{z_1}z_2)(1+z_1\overline{z_2})\leqslant (1+\abs{z_1}\cdot\abs{z_2})^2,\]
即
\[\abs{1+\overline{z_1}z_2}\leqslant 1+\abs{\overline{z_1}}\cdot\abs{z_2},\]
显然成立。
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本主题由 kuing 于 2013-1-19 16:56 分类