三角形ABC的三边长分别为a,b,c,f(λ)=a/(λa+b+c)+b/(λb+a+c)+c/(λc+a+b)证明:(1)当-1<λ<1时,3/(λ+2)<=f(λ)<2/(λ+1)
(2)当λ>1时,2/(λ+1)<f(λ)<=3/(λ+2)
大程 发表于 2013-4-1 16:42 令 $a=y+z$, $b=z+x$, $c=x+y$, $x$, $y$, $z>0$,则
\[f(k)=\sum \frac{y+z}{2x+(k+1)(y+z)}.\]
当 $-1<k<1$,则
\[f(k)<\sum \frac{y+z}{(k+1)x+(k+1)(y+z)}=\frac2{k+1},\]
由柯西不等式及均值不等式,有
\begin{align*}
f(k)&\geqslant \frac{\left( \sum (y+z) \right)^2}{\sum (y+z)(2x+(k+1)(y+z))} \\
& =\frac{2\left( \sum x \right)^2}{(k+1)\left( \sum x \right)^2+(1-k)\sum xy} \\
& \geqslant \frac{2\left( \sum x \right)^2}{(k+1)\left( \sum x \right)^2+(1-k)\frac{\left( \sum x \right)^2}3} \\
& =\frac3{k+2};
\end{align*}
当 $k>1$,则
\[f(k)>\sum \frac{y+z}{(k+1)x+(k+1)(y+z)}=\frac2{k+1},\]
由柯西不等式及均值不等式,有
\begin{align*}
f(k)&=\frac1{k+1}\sum \left( 1-\frac{2x}{2x+(k+1)(y+z)} \right) \\
& =\frac3{k+1}-\frac2{k+1}\sum \frac x{2x+(k+1)(y+z)} \\
& \leqslant \frac3{k+1}-\frac2{k+1}\cdot \frac{\left( \sum x \right)^2}{\sum x(2x+(k+1)(y+z))} \\
& =\frac3{k+1}-\frac1{k+1}\cdot \frac{\left( \sum x \right)^2}{\left( \sum x \right)^2+(k-1)\sum xy} \\
& \leqslant \frac3{k+1}-\frac1{k+1}\cdot \frac{\left( \sum x \right)^2}{\left( \sum x \right)^2+(k-1)\frac{\left( \sum x \right)^2}3} \\
& =\frac3{k+2}.
\end{align*}
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